The Luck of the Draw
Jul 13, 2008有时不可能平均分配货物。当这种情况发生时,我们通常会把它留给随机性——以彩票的形式——来决定谁得到什么。这是刚刚吗?
Today's episode is about Lotteries -- not the state sponsored gambling type, but the type that allocate scarce goods and also burdens. Think of housing lotteries, school admission lotteries, and the draft lotteries. In Ancient Greece many political offices were alloted by lottery. Our question is whether and when lotteries are a just distributive mechanism. Sometimes they seem just the thing. The draft lottery, for example, seemed like a good way of keeping the privileged and connected from gaming the selective service system. But suppose tax rates were assigned by lot, so that your rate of taxation depending no on your ability to pay but on random chance. That seems like an absurdly unjust outcome.
One thing I'd like to ask our guest,Peter Stone,about are whether there are any general principle that explains when and why lotteries are just. It will also be interesting to explore whether lotteries should be used more or less in our social lives. I know that John Perry is an advocate of using a lottery for college admissions. He thinks it would save a lot of time, labor and money and that it would be more fair.
I read a sort of tongue and cheek article that suggested we might be better off choosing senators and representatives by lot. Though the article was written in a somewhat kidding tone, the point it made was worth taking seriously. If office holders were chosen by lottery, that would certainly go a long way toward taking the money out of politics. There would be no need for interminable and expensive campaigns.
There is even an argument in favor of what's called lottery voting. Put all the votes for all candidates or options in a hat. Choose one. Whatever vote is chosen decides the issue or candidate. Such a procedure would give all voices an equal chance of being heard. Isn't that the very essence of democracy?
Obviously, there's a lot to talk and think about. Hopefully, you'll join in during the show. We'll have somebody monitor the comments on this blog entry during the show and if you make a good one, we'll try to include it on air.
有时不可能平均分配货物。当这种情况发生时,我们通常会把它留给随机性——以彩票的形式——来决定谁得到什么。这是刚刚吗?
Can morality be quantified? Can the good be calculated? Utilitarianism says the right action is the one which leads to the ...
许多人认为日益严重的不平等、民粹主义和本土主义的兴起以及民主制度的衰落都有同一个原因——市场的过度扩张。
Philosophical conceptions of justice have most often been directed at the nature of a just state.
有时不可能平均分配货物。当这种情况发生时,我们通常会把它留给随机性——以彩票的形式——来决定谁得到什么。这是刚刚吗?
Can morality be quantified? Can the good be calculated? Utilitarianism says the right action is the one which leads to the ...
许多人认为日益严重的不平等、民粹主义和本土主义的兴起以及民主制度的衰落都有同一个原因——市场的过度扩张。
Philosophical conceptions of justice have most often been directed at the nature of a just state.
Comments(12)
Guest
Wednesday, July 16, 2008 -- 5:00 PM
I listed your broadcast on my blog, but too late fI listed your broadcast on my blog, but too late for the live show :-( Better luck when get back from vacation in mid August.
All the best,
Pastor Jennifer
Guest
Saturday, July 19, 2008 -- 5:00 PM
Hi, I am interested in hearing more about John PerHi, I am interested in hearing more about John Perry's views on using a lottery for college admission. Does he envision all applicants having the same chance of winning, or a system that gives those with higher GPAs a greater chance?
Thanks,
keawe
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