Kierkegaard
Nov 18, 2011克尔凯郭尔是19世纪早期一位非常重要的丹麦哲学家。他严厉地批评了黑格尔。但除了不喜欢黑格尔之外,他似乎就是大多数我不喜欢的哲学家的例子。我喜欢哲学家们用一种清晰直白的方式告诉你他们的想法。克尔凯郭尔用一堆笔名写作,我猜很有诗意,但很夸张。我认为理性是哲学的方法。克尔凯郭尔认为,我们应该接受矛盾,并实现信念的飞跃。
Philosophy usually suggests a striving for rationality and objectivity. But the Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard advocated subjectivity and the leap of faith – his conception of how an individual would believe in God or act in love. Kierkegaard, whose best-known work isFear and Trembling, is often considered the father of Existentialism. Ken and John explore the life and thought of this passionate philosopher with Lanier Anderson from Stanford University.
John kicks off the show by pointing out that Kierkegaard is high on his list of philosophers . . . on the list of philosophers he hasn't read much of, doesn't understand, and doesn't expect to understand in the near future. Ken replies to John's cynicism with a defense of (among other things) Kierkegaard’s idea of contradiction, distinguishing paradox from contradiction and defending the former. John and Ken welcome Lanier Anderson and ask him how he became interested in Kierkegaard. Lanier answers them, focusing on how Kierkegaard has helped him understand the internal logic of people of faith in his life. John and Ken try to get an overview of what is important to know about Kierkegaard, and Lanier talks to them about three big ideas in Kierkegaard’s writing.
在下一节中,肯和约翰问拉尼尔什么是信仰的“飞跃”,以及为什么克尔凯郭尔认为信仰的飞跃是一个好主意。拉尼尔谈到了克尔凯郭尔对意志形成和信仰与理性之间关系的理解,并讨论了克尔凯郭尔对这些概念的理解与同时代另一位重要哲学家叔本华的不同之处。为了帮助约翰理解信仰飞跃的概念,拉尼尔将其比作坠入爱河。
They then move to a problem that deeply concerned Kierkegaard: Abraham's willingness to sacrifice his son Isaac on God's command. Though God prevented Abraham from sacrificing Isaac at the last moment, Ken and John express the concerns many have had with the story. Lanier talks about how Kierkegaard made sense of the apparent problem, stressing the different lights thrown on the situation through a religious ‘sacrifice’ understanding of the event and a moral ‘murder’ understanding of the event. Lanier also talks about the importance Kierkegaard sees in faith's role in overcoming despair, which Kierkegaard believes is rooted in sin.
John, still in despair himself about trying to understand what Kierkegaard was trying to say, tries to understand the effect Kierkegaard has had on thinking and philosophy today. Ken chimes in with a positive note about Kierkegaard: Ken thinks that Kierkegaard had profound things to say about grounding identity in an world of choice. Lanier takes off from that note to talk about the connections between Kierkegaard and existentialism.