The Idea of a University

05 November 2010

I’m really happy universities exist, and that they support philosophy departments, and seem to think I do something useful. But the longer I have spent in universities, the more I've become familiar with the vast differences in schools and departments, the complexity of funding, how different things are done in other universities, particularly those in other lands… and, frankly, the less I have a feel for what universities are really supposed to be. Here are four issues around which my doubts and confusions cluster.

Research versus teaching. At Stanford we charge the undergraduates a lot of money. We draw the best students in the world --- or at least as good any others. But at Stanford, and Harvard, and the University of California, and all the other elite universities, we all know thatresearchis themaincriteria for hiring and promotion. So what is a university? A teaching institution? Or a big research lab with some students around the edges?

Academy or Laboratory?我倾向于看大学的哲学和其他人文系的模式。毕竟,我们的传统可以追溯到柏拉图的学院,也许是西方传统中第一个类似大学的东西。我们思考困难的智力问题,教学生思考。但是,如果你像我一样在一所大学呆了这么久,像我和Ken一样担任系主任,和来自整个机构的同事一起参加了无数次的委员会会议,你就必须采用更大的视角。这个地方就像一块巨大的巨石,它的模式不是图书馆或研讨会上的思想家,而是在实验室里的科学家,在政府或企业的资助下,与他人竞争下一轮的拨款和奖金。

Who owns the university?Whose university is it, anyway? To whom do we answer? Officially, we are a corporation, so the Trustees are in charge. But as a non-profit corporation, do we answer to a higher authority? If so, what is it? The needs of the world? Of the nation? Of something more abstract, like Knowledge or Truth? And who are the final arbiters of how we conduct our mission? The faculty? The alumni? The students? And what is the administration’s job? To convey the deep wisdom of the faculty to the Trustees? The Trustees for the most part are practical people in touch with the wider world. Maybe our mission should be to translate the Trustees vision to the university’s work force --- like you and me.

Finallythe future of universities比如斯坦福大学和伯克利大学以及所有我们熟悉的大学都让我感到困惑。Traditionally, universities whatever else they are, are aplace.他们提供了一个地方,书籍、教师、实验室和学生都可以在一起,并收获在一起的好处。随着互联网带来的变化,这一点还会继续重要吗?现在已经有了互联网大学。它们是未来的潮流吗?斯坦福大学、伯克利大学、加州大学洛杉矶分校和加州州立大学旧金山分校会成为分布式大学的伟大新世界的恐龙吗?这些大学的图书馆和教室只是互联网上的U-R-L教室。

So, we’ll have lots to talk about with our guest, the Stanford provost, the philosophy department’s very own John Etchemendy. We’ll start by asking him just how he sees the university --- a school with researchers around the edge, or a big lab with students around the edge.

Comments(17)


Guest's picture

Guest

Friday, November 5, 2010 -- 5:00 PM

Your questions, ruminations and mystifications are

Your questions, ruminations and mystifications are all pointed and well-founded. I wonder if some of my comments have contributed to their formulation? If yes, fine, if no, no matter. In any case, I have asked the same sorts of questions, as have some of my close friends and associates. One facet/chapter of a book I have been writing approaches the problem. The titled segment is: Education and the Sword of Damocles. In brief, it asks certain questions about education: Who is it for really? Who profits most, short term and long? What happens to those who fail to make the grade?
谁来决定(以及如何)将哪些资金分配给哪种研究?
你的帖子引起了我的兴趣。主要是因为我以前从未见过教育工作者问过这些问题。部分原因是我在你的博客上看到的一些评论。我愉快地想起了20世纪70年代,一个名为Moody Blues的组合在他们发行的《Threshold of a Dream》专辑中录制的一段独白(我相信是这样的):“……这就对了,朋友,尽量保持冷静——微笑着面对成堆的考验。这会激怒他们,让他们相信你看到了他们编织的网。继续自由地思考。”抱歉打扰您了。谢谢您的耐心等待。如果你有这样的癖好或好奇,也可以看看15分钟哲学家博客(同志Ade)和/或Morning Buzz,作者是一个叫Lee的人。我们思考,因此我们思考。 (I think) Really like your blog and those mentioned.

Harold G. Neuman's picture

Harold G. Neuman

Friday, November 5, 2010 -- 5:00 PM

As we get older, one of two things happen: either

As we get older, one of two things happen: either we ask more questions, or, we die miserably because we did not. I'll take door #1, thank you.

Guest's picture

Guest

Saturday, November 6, 2010 -- 5:00 PM

I wrote this piece sometime ago about the lesson

不久前,我写了一篇关于我们教给孩子的教训的文章。也许你会觉得在这里发表比较合适。
Thanks You,
=
MJA
YAHOO
Whilst searching for the truth of everything I found something to share. I came across two references to Jonathan Swift?s story ?Gulliver?s Travels? and like any good true searcher found the movie, rented and watched it. I gave it a critic rating of ?G? for great. The story is a satire meaning that it negatively abuses the fundamental institutions of humanity. The story is about a person named Gulliver who goes on a trip, finds unbelievable truth, and comes back to share his discovery. Unfortunately for him he was measured to be crazy and locked up. The history of other great discoverers have met with similar discomforts, house arrests, torture and even death. Gulliver tells a story of the irony of man, the flaws of who we are even though we think ourselves better. There is one place Gulliver stops on his journey that had particular interest to me. He becomes one with wild horses and sees freedom for the first time. The horses have given human beings the name ?Yahoo? and see us as the savages that we truly are.
Several months before seeing this movie I thought it a good idea to check out a new elementary school just to see modern education at work; it also being a part of my current study of everything. I was told due to security reasons I was not allowed to look so on my way out I did anyway. I looked into a classroom and saw young children standing neatly at attention next to computers with thin screen monitors. At the blackboard a teacher wrote ?Y A H O O? in large letters for everyone to see. At that moment I started questioning the importance of ?yahoo? over the teaching of the basics of life at the elementary level or any other. Mr. Swift saw us as savage ignorant ?yahoos? over three hundred years ago and still cannot believe his insight.
我们都不是天生的吗?我们就是我们所被教导的。任何年龄段的学生都把家庭作业带回家吗,比如快乐课,还是雅虎?计算机科学比爱情更重要吗?有几何,代数,微积分,计算机,生物,科学,天文物理学,唯物主义和雅虎?拿了宝贵的空间有什么重要的,怎么活?我们是被教导帮助别人的重要性,还是金钱的重要性,以及只帮助自己?你能想象一所叫“如何生活学院”而不是“技术学院”的学校吗?法学院可以是道德学院。物理部门或者换句话说,测量自然差异的部门可以是统一部门或者简单地说是平等部门。 The Truth. Imagine that. Would the universe be a better place if we studied what we can see instead of what we can not? I think Mr. Swift knew the foundation of ignorance is education, what about you? The question has often been asked: Why do we have to study something we will never use? Would a class on the proper use of a public garbage can be more beneficial than Euclid?s geometry on this trashed planet of ours?
在人类历史上,许多人都曾指出,智慧就在我们眼前,而不是更远的地方。我们一直在微观和宏观地衡量一切,结果却让我们离真相越来越远,不幸的是,我们被教导要这么做。我们需要选择未来教育的方向,那么应该选择哪一个,雅虎?还是真相?如果人类已经变得无知和残忍,那么也许改变课程,让最重要和最真实的东西不仅会启发我们,使我们变得明智,而且最终和绝对地让我们自由。
Truth 101,
=
MJA

Guest's picture

Guest

Sunday, November 7, 2010 -- 4:00 PM

我在大学里待的时间不多。As a re

我在大学里待的时间不多。因此,我必须以更大的决心工作,为我能够获得的工作生活,以及我在退休前最终获得的高于平均水平的收入。我在一定程度上赞同海森堡的eoo方法,即弄清事物为何会以这种方式运行。根据我对高等教育和接受高等教育的人的经验,在很多情况下,这两种教育都被高估了。但是,作为一个企业,教育系统成功地游说和宣传了自己,似乎说明了我一直听说的一个现象,所谓的历史效应。
When I worked in a public administration position, I was always told how much more promotable I could be if only I went back to school and got more advanced degrees. The jobs I applied for did not require knowledge of exotic mathematics, physics, biology or any of the sorts of stuff that doctors, engineers or other professionals had to obtain. These positions required knowledge of laws, regulations and attendant state policy(ies); things which I knew by the time I began to seriously seek advancement. But since I did not have the prescribed educational credentials and was by then over fifty years of age, my knowledge, experience and practical skills counted for nothing.
Another prohibition in public sector career paths is the matter of politics. It may equal educational level in determining who advances and who does not. But, no one wants to talk about that.
So, I do understand when I see and hear questions about higher education. But, I am retired now and doing what I want to do; when I want to do it. It is a great feeling. Remember this: education IS a business, like any other. It is merely more successful (usually) in portraying its professed altruism.
(*OEOs: Observations, Experiences and Opinions; THE HISTORIONIC EFFECT, A PRESSURIZED WORLD, copyright, 2003)

Guest's picture

Guest

Wednesday, November 10, 2010 -- 4:00 PM

Heisenberg, Neuman and the carpenter have missed i

在我看来,海森堡,诺伊曼和木匠都错过了这一切,尽管这种历史效应似乎是可信的。和塔勒布的黑天鹅情节一样可信。我的看法是这样的:教育应该引领人类乌托邦;启蒙时代;美丽的新世界——一个普遍理解的时代的开始。那是怎么回事?如果洛克今天还活着,他可能会脑出血,或者他可能会从高楼上跳下去。
What have we done with education? Well, admittedly, quite a lot. In a few positive words: we have survived, progressed and prospered. Expectations were met, based on projections and subsequent achievements. In the minus column, we still cannot get past our history(ies) with one another---and this is where the meaning(s) of education become(s) foggy and parochial. It all depends on where we live. WAIT A MINUTE, HERE. What am I talking about? Who is this historionic effect guy anyway and why isn't anyone trying to figure out what he is saying? I would like to know, wouldn't you? Or does it bother you that you have not formed the concept? The carpenter is right in his assessment of the business aspect of education---but others have said that---no news there.
I wonder a lot. How about you?

Tom's picture

Tom

Wednesday, November 10, 2010 -- 4:00 PM

I think universities are called upon to do too muc

我认为大学被要求做的太多了:中产阶级的精修学校、人力资本工厂、青年失业率的降低者、父母梦想的实现者、社会知识的宝库、社会相关实践和理论专业知识的中心、人类知识的推进者、国家知识产权和经济竞争力的推进者、软实力的来源......
It's no wonder its so hard to think through what universities are 'really supposed to be'! And no wonder modern universities so often fail to fulfil our expectations, even in their supposedly core goals of education and research.

Guest's picture

Guest

Thursday, November 11, 2010 -- 4:00 PM

I don't know what your provost had to say but I th

我不知道你们的教务长说了什么但我认为汤姆说得和我们一样好,甚至比我们都好。大学经历了进化的变化,就像所有有生命和无生命的东西一样。它是宇宙及其组成部分的本质。教育被认为是每个人的一切——在任何地方。在印度,即使是“贱民”也可以拥有手机。想象一下。

Guest's picture

Guest

Friday, November 12, 2010 -- 4:00 PM

I came from an academic system completely differ

I came from an academic system completely different from that you speak in your post. And it?s very interesting to see new approaches.
When I was student I felt that i do a lot of unnecesarly stuff ( too much theoretichal knowledge) and few interesting activities. As for research activities, there wasn?t any kind of those.
为了理清头绪,我必须提一下,我在大学学的是政治学。我认为(希望没有错)在这个领域有可能做很多研究活动。
为了公平起见?S说我们每年有一次被要求在公共管理或民间领域做一些相关的实践。我作为一个非政府组织的观察员参加了总统选举和公民投票。这很有趣,也很有挑战性。
As to return to your post I might say that I?m really frustrated for not having the chance to study in a great universty like those you have mentioned.
Finally, I think that the communication means are not so relevant as the contents. If a university have internet courses it?s no problem if it is a quality work.
P.S. Sorry for my broken english.I'm in the process of improving it :)
Best regards,
Lucian from Romania

Guest's picture

Guest

Friday, November 19, 2010 -- 4:00 PM

An excellent presentation of important, relevant i

An excellent presentation of important, relevant issues. I don't know how to handle them, but I've recently finished a long and happy career at a place that values teaching over research, that is more of an academy than a laboratory, that grants tenure (or did in my day) if you get along with your colleagues, publish enough (which needn't be much)to show that you are keeping up with your field, willingly serve on a variety of committees, and are not the target of a lot of student complaints.
Would that the contemporary situation allowed for more such places; although I suspect that there actually are more of them than popular opinion admits.

Guest's picture

Guest

Tuesday, November 30, 2010 -- 4:00 PM

Truth is universities became seen as cure alls to

Truth is universities became seen as cure alls to the worlds ills, they are not.

Guest's picture

Guest

Thursday, December 2, 2010 -- 4:00 PM

The TruePhilosopher has summarized well what other

真正的哲学家很好地总结了其他评论者所说的。当然,他/她的话被过分简化了,但是,当简短刺激神经元或推动脑室时,过分简化是可以原谅的。大学就像宗教:最初的意图是纯粹的;后来的突发事件、解释和重新分配使任务复杂化。

Guest's picture

Guest

Sunday, February 20, 2011 -- 4:00 PM

In last year's State of the Union, Obama declared

在去年的国情咨文中,奥巴马宣布创造就业机会是他的“第一要务”,然后在2010年把大部分时间花在了改革医疗保健和华尔街规则等其他优先事项上。
With the elevated unemployment rate still ranking as Americans' top concern, there is little doubt jobs will again be the centerpiece of Obama's speech.
但预计奥巴马也将比以往任何时候都更倾向于在年度讲话中把自己塑造成一个财政鹰派人物,这对于一个面临逾万亿美元年度预算赤字的领导人来说可能很难让人接受。

JoshuaJLee's picture

JoshuaJLee

Tuesday, March 10, 2015 -- 5:00 PM

agree with you, With the

agree with you, With the hoisted unemployment rate as yet positioning as Americans' top concern, there is little uncertainty employments will again be the centerpiece of Obama's discourse.
http://goo.gl/SsEqK0

Guest's picture

Guest

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Guest's picture

Guest

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adam_jhon's picture

adam_jhon

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adam_jhon's picture

adam_jhon

Saturday, September 3, 2016 -- 5:00 PM

I read this article killtest

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