The Dark Side of Science

24 October 2013

This week we're stepping over to the Dark Side of Science. Of course a skeptic might ask, what dark side? Without modern science, we’d still be bleeding the sick, travelling by horseback, and using carrier pigeons for long distance communication.

但没有什么是绝对的好事。就像生活中的其他事情一样,科学也有它的缺点。科学给了我们现代医学,也给了我们细菌战。现代交通正在破坏环境。现代通讯使政府能够监视我们,使恐怖分子能够阴谋对付我们。当然,这不是科学的全部作用。但你必须承认科学是一把双刃剑。不幸的是,我们必须接受好的和坏的。

Now you might distinguish scientificknowledgefrom theapplication的知识。The knowledge science gives us can never be bad in and of itself, even if it’s sometimesusedfor bad purposes. But it could be argued that that’s an artificial distinction -- in the real world, you can’t divorce scientific knowledge from its applications.

也就是说,想想从胡克发现细胞到细菌战的发明花了几个世纪的时间。或者从现代原子理论的发展到制造核弹所花费的几十年时间。你不能因为害怕有一天,谁知道什么时候,有人或其他人,可能会或不会用科学知识制造坏事而阻止科学的进步。

This might make it sound like pure science takes place in a morally pristine vacuum. And maybe that’s how it once was. But that’s not how it is in the here and now, not with so much of science being funded and fueled by the military–industrial–technological–university–medical–pharmaceutical complex.

Now if that makes me sound a little like a whacked out conspiracy theorist -- as if science is the result of dark, evil forces -- the point is that the gap between discovery and application is much shorter than it used to be. And individual scientists can’t so easily shield themselves from responsibility for the use and possible misuse of their discoveries.

But what follows from that? Are we suggesting it’s the individual scientist’s responsibility to somehow guarantee that her discoveries aren’t put to bad use? Is that reasonable? Or evenpossible? An individual scientist is just one person. If the military–industrial–technological–university–medical–pharmaceutical complex is determined to produce high tech weapons, or genetically altered species, or what have you, there’s almost nothing any individual can do to stop it.

But couldn't they refuse to participate? Maybe scientists shouldn't just be able to sell their expertise to the highest bidder and then wash their hands of the consequences. But you have to admit that it only goes so far. You can’t really count on individual scientists alone to regulate the massive complex that fuels modern science. The government has a role to play. The people in their capacities as citizens and consumers also have a role to play. But we can’t let individual scientists off the hook too fast.

毫无疑问,规范科学以确保它只用于好的方面是一件复杂的、多方面的事情。我们的嘉宾,加州大学伯克利分校的人类学家保罗·拉比诺,将帮助我们思考社会和文化对这个复杂的、多面的、黑暗的东西,即科学的接受程度。

[And of course if you can't get enough philosophy-cum-science, don't miss our live recording this comingWednesday October 30 at the Bay Area Science Festival.]

Comments(15)


MJA's picture

MJA

Sunday, October 27, 2013 -- 5:00 PM

From Dark to Light

From Dark to Light
科学的另一个阴暗面是测量的不确定性。他们的QM,他们的概率或者最好的灰色区域。不久的将来,他们也会揭开遮蔽视线的百叶窗,让真正的或绝对的光照耀进来。一个全新的世界,一个更好的地方,对你对我都一样。=
I can't take you there because we are there, all One needs to do is see!

Guest's picture

Guest

Monday, October 28, 2013 -- 5:00 PM

Science, itself, is pretty

Science, itself, is pretty much neutral. There is no dark side or light side at the base of scientific inquiry. Scientists do what they do. Robert Oppenheimer appeared to regret his role in the development of the atomic bomb---after he saw what it would do. Richard P. Feynman, a great physicist in his own right and a contributor to the ill-fated Manhattan Project, went on to win a Nobel prize in or around 1965. These individuals and so many others, did their science because it was THERE to be done, not because it was, would, or might be dark, light or indifferent. Let's not over-think this, friends. Even Heisenberg allowed an uncertainty principle. So, there we are.

Guest's picture

Guest

Tuesday, October 29, 2013 -- 5:00 PM

I was amused by the image

我被上面的图片逗乐了——梅尔·布鲁克斯《年轻的弗兰肯斯坦》中的吉恩·怀尔德,对吗?好吧,撇开这些不谈,我基本同意我们的朋友纽曼的观点。HGN(有意无意地)遗漏了科学家之间持续不断的摩擦和分化。这些本来值得尊敬的男人和女人不断地对彼此的工作挑刺。过去和现在的世仇如此之多,以至于我们有时会想,科学领域的事情是如何完成的(就像政治一样,但它们当然都是相互关联的)。因此,科学的黑暗面似乎是现状——甚至是必要的。因为不管怎么说,事情总能做成。就这样。
the Doctor.

Guest's picture

Guest

Wednesday, October 30, 2013 -- 5:00 PM

Science is a branch of

Science is a branch of knowledge, and knowledge is a source of power. All forms of power can be used for good or evil.
The problem in large part seems to boil down to the question, should knowledge (especially of the scientific variety) be considered a private or public asset? In other words, should all scientific discoveries be available to everyone? Or, should individuals and groups be allowed to keep them private and profit from them? I think there would be much less concern with the dark side of science if scientific knowledge and discoveries were fully out in the open.

Guest's picture

Guest

Monday, November 4, 2013 -- 4:00 PM

Well. Now that we have

Well. Now that we have contemplated the "dark side of science", shall we discuss the "dark side of religion". Or perhaps, the "dark side of philosophy?" Really. There will always be uncertainty. Someone said that. Keep on saying what you say, Neuman,---the boxcars of this world are full of effluent of one sort or another. Poison is harmless when it is not ingested...figuratively speaking, of course...

Guest's picture

Guest

Thursday, November 7, 2013 -- 4:00 PM

This was a frustratingly

This was a frustratingly muddled show. Rabinow kept conflating science and technology (molecular biology is *all* technology? Really? Ever heard of Hox genes, or rna interference, or the c-value paradox, or any other of a number of theoretical insights that come from molecular work?) He then simultaneously criticized molecular bio for being in the pocket of big pharma's patent network (because the results are worth all that funding) yet also (somehow) ineffective in discovering much that was medically useful. You gotta work pretty hard to maintain that kind of cognitive dissonance. He takes issue with biotech patents because we somehow "lose" the fruits of the research? Um, no, everyone gains the knowledge (either through the journal publication or the patent application), the funder just gets a limited-time monopoly on making money from the patentable discovery. The sloppy reasoning just goes on and on...
Of course what gets funded is not totally neutral, and more funding for basic science would be a great solution to the difficulty of promoting "interesting" rather than "profitable" research. But to say that discovering the way the cosmos, chemistry, or our particular biology works (in other words, to figure out what is already going on) is somehow dark or evil? Please.
Go criticize the technologists if you like - they are *not* scientists, but engineers. Seriously, "The Dark side of Technology" would have been a fairer title to the show.

Guest's picture

Guest

Friday, November 8, 2013 -- 4:00 PM

The Roman Stoic essayist,

The Roman Stoic essayist, Seneca, noted, "It is better, of course, to know useless things than to know nothing." His observation would serve fittingly as a motto for many modern educational systems but surely not for science or philosophy. Who would expect science to remain pure and useless? Thus, the conduct of science, like that of any activity must be judged by its consequences.

MJA's picture

MJA

Sunday, November 10, 2013 -- 4:00 PM

The tree of knowledge

The tree of knowledge
Have you eaten from the physics tree of science yet, the tree that found its own measure of nature to be uncertain or only probable at best? Have you swallowed the fruit and become a gambler in their game of dice too? Have you been sold on the scientific snake oil of chance? Have you fallen into the spell yet of quantum mechanics, fallen into the dizzying black holes or rabbit holes of today?s science? If so, can you tell me how deep into uncertainty has science taken you, how deep does science go? Does it go deeper than Higgs or god particles, farther than strings and multiverses, deeper than their own equations? Is it possible to escape once you have fallen in? Is there any way out? Can science escape the gravitation pull of its own smoke and mirrors? And while you are in there can you tell me: Is science the best at calling a kettle black or does black really matter, is a black hole black? And lastly or rather firstly, can you tell me, did the big bang make any sound or is that theory just another pseudo hole of a dud too?
Should I eat the fruit too?
=

Guest's picture

Guest

Sunday, November 10, 2013 -- 4:00 PM

I had wanted to comment on

我曾想对自我认识的帖子发表评论——但我错过了,所以我将尝试一种后门方法,因为自我认识可能是某种黑暗科学。一位贤明的朋友曾经问过:一个人在做自己的时候,能知道自己是什么吗?(我那位聪明的朋友有时读到这篇博客,肯定会对这篇评论发表一些评论。不信)。我们知道我们相信自己是什么样的人。我认为这是毋庸置疑的。个人、人际、公共、国家、国际和全球视角的问题是信仰和现实之间的脱节。信仰和现实之间的联系是外围的,基于这种想法,我将让善良的读者得出他们自己的结论。

Guest's picture

Guest

Monday, November 11, 2013 -- 4:00 PM

有趣的点,MJA。The

有趣的点,MJA。关于善与恶的知识之树似乎与经验知识之树紧密地交织在一起,以至于两者在某些领域本质上是一体的。

Guest's picture

Guest

Monday, November 11, 2013 -- 4:00 PM

"...I'm just trying to work

"...I'm just trying to work this jigsaw puzzle, before it rains anymore..."---Rolling Stones, circa 1970s.---or, as previously suggested: You won't always want what you get. Philosophy as an outgrowth of rock and roll? Who would have thought?
Kindest Regards,
Neuman.

MJA's picture

MJA

Tuesday, November 12, 2013 -- 4:00 PM

Light

Light
谢谢你的回应Arvoasitis,你真的看到了吗,你能看到光吗?
Do you also see or understand the flaw of science is the fruit of our own measure? It is measure that divides equality and unity, separates the true Oneness of the Universe into good and bad, right and wrong, heaven and hell, yin and yang, Higgs and quarks, strings and even multi verses. It is measure that science itself has proven uncertain or only probable at best that is tearing apart the Universe. Do you see that too?
Man is the measure of all things an old Greek once said, and therein lays the flaw of us all. Measure!
Who are we to judge, everything?
And If I so humbly may: The solution, the light at the end of the tunnel, the promised land that Dr. King died for, the equality that Abraham Lincoln died for, that mankind continues to fight and die for, that Gandhi died for, the unifying equation that Einstein died searching for, was much more simple than thought, the absolute is right here =
Can you see that too?
Can you see the paradise we are losing?
Can you see the promise land is not there, it is right here?
All we have to do is remove the uncertainty from the equation to not only see it, but to just be it. Just be the light of freedom, the light of absolute, the light of truth, equality, Oneness. Be the light of you and me, the light of the Promised Land, the light of One equals the light of All.
And as for religion,
Amen.
=

Guest's picture

Guest

Thursday, November 14, 2013 -- 4:00 PM

I am pleased that you do not

I am pleased that you do not question the intelligence of us commenters. That said, I do marvel at the evasiveness and obfuscation of our comments. Your tolerance and patience is, uh, admirable. I sometimes think that I'm reading Habermas, a master obfuscationist of our time. But, no, most contributors are clearer in their expressions---when they choose to be so. Here's a thought: philosophy (or science, or?...) is not a game---it is a means toward improvement of the human condition. Anything less is vanity. I'm hungry right now---hunger fogs the mind. That must be MY current problem.

Guest's picture

Guest

Friday, November 15, 2013 -- 4:00 PM

When art imitates life, we

当艺术模仿生活时,我们被逗乐了——着迷了——娱乐了。即将有一个关于1986年挑战者号死亡事件的媒体报道。我一直在看这个节目的“预告片”,想知道谁会被描绘,以什么方式。今天,部分谜团被揭开。威廉·赫特(William Hurt)将饰演理查德·费曼(Richard Feynman),这位诺贝尔物理学奖得主调查了挑战者号事故,于1988年去世。现在看来,这一切都相当古老了,费曼的发现非常简单:橡胶、可塑性和低温。但是,这毕竟是一个媒体事件——人们得到了报酬;商业活动已经平息,勇敢的宇航员们已经无可挽回地死去。Hmmmmph。费曼要不是死于非命,一定会笑的。 Science IS dark sometimes. But, we make it so for the least of reasons. January 28, 1986 was my birthday. At that time, I had never heard of Richard Feynman. Since then, I have heard of so much more. Well, you'll have that...

Guest's picture

Guest

Friday, December 27, 2013 -- 4:00 PM

Thanks for the intro, James,

Thanks for the intro, Ken, and good luck with the Community.
我们曾提到过知识之树的善与恶的比喻,它象征着我们作为一个好奇的物种的出现,致力于寻找事物,通过我们的选择能力,对我们所获得的知识的应用负责。据我们所知,人类是世界上唯一这样的物种,因此直觉上认为这是我们应该主要关注的问题似乎是合理的。我们可以相信对自然世界知识的追求是我们存在的目的。如果我们认为有什么是神圣的,那就是它了。
There's some evidence increasing knowledge of the world and its workings is working well for us - ref Stephen Pinker's 'The Better Angels of Our Nature' - but one way or the other, it's what we do. Let's get on with enjoying the quest and decline invitations to agonize about it.
Hugh